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Spanish Origanum OilNatMedSpanish origanum oil comes from a plant called Thymus capitatus and also from various species of an herb called Origanum. People use Spanish origanum oil for infections, burns, and many other purposes, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. In foods and beverages, Spanish origanum oil is used as a flavoring. In manufacturing, it is used as a fragrance in soaps, cosmetics, and perfumes.- Shiitake MushroomNatMedShiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) is a type of edible fungus. It's native to Japan and China, and contains a chemical called lentinan. Shiitake mushrooms are the second most commonly eaten mushrooms in the world. Lentinan and other chemicals in shiitake mushrooms might stimulate the immune system. People use shiitake mushroom or an extract called AHCC for HIV/AIDS, common cold, flu, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. There is also no good evidence to support using shiitake mushroom for COVID-19.
- Sweet GaleNatMedSweet gale (Myrica gale) is an herb. The leaves, branches, and wax are sometimes used to make medicine. Sweet gale contains ingredients that might help reduce skin redness and swelling (inflammation) and have a drying (astringent) effect on the tissues. People use sweet gale for conditions such as intestinal worms and itching, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Using sweet gale can also be unsafe.
- SenegaNatMedSenega is a plant. The root is used to make medicine. Senega is used for decline in memory and thinking skills that occurs normally with age, asthma, swelling (inflammation) of the throat, nose, and chest, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Some experts warn that senega may interfere with the body's response against COVID-19. There is no strong data to support this warning. But there is also no good data to support using senega for COVID-19. Follow healthy lifestyle choices and proven prevention methods instead.
- Ground PineNatMedGround pine is a small plant with narrow leaves that are used to make medicine. It is not a member of the pine family, but it resembles a pine seedling and gives off a pine-like smell when crushed. People take ground pine for gout, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the common cold, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Some people apply ground pine directly to the skin for wound healing.
- Great PlantainNatMedGreat plantain (Plantago major) is a plant with broad leaves native to Europe and Asia. It now grows worldwide as a weed. It's also used as medicine. Great plantain contains chemicals that might help decrease pain and swelling, decrease mucous, and open airways. It might also help kill bacteria and fungi. People use great plantain for cough, mouth sores, obesity, abnormal menstrual bleeding, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Don't confuse great plantain with other plants also known as plantain, such as Asian water plantain, black psyllium, blond psyllium, buckhorn plantain, or buck's-horn plantain. These are not the same.
- Greater CelandineNatMedGreater celandine is a plant. The dried above-ground parts, root, and rhizome (underground stem) are used to make medicine. Don't confuse greater celandine with lesser celandine (Family: Ranunculus ficaria). People use greater celandine for conditions such as cancer, problems with the digestive tract, liver and gallbladder disorders, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Using greater celandine can also be unsafe.
- SassafrasNatMedSassafras is a plant. The root bark is used to make medicine. Despite serious safety concerns, people use sassafras for many conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. In beverages and candy, sassafras was used in the past to flavor root beer. It was also used as a tea. But sassafras tea contains a lot of safrole, the chemical in sassafras that makes it poisonous. One cup of tea made with 2.5 grams of sassafras contains about 200 mg of safrole. This is about 4.5 times the dose that researchers think is poisonous. So, in 1976, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ruled that sassafras could no longer be sold as sassafras tea.
- Greater BurnetNatMedGreater burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis) is a plant commonly found in Europe and Asia. The roots are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Greater burnet might work as a drying agent to help stop bleeding. Some ingredients in greater burnet might also help reduce wrinkles and improve wound healing. People use greater burnet for aging skin, varicose veins, wound healing, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Gravel RootNatMedGravel root is an herb. The bulb, root, and parts that grow above the ground are used to make medicine. Despite safety concerns, people use gravel root for conditions such as bladder infections, kidney stones, arthritis pain, fever, and many others, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- African Wild PotatoNatMedAfrican wild potato is a plant. Although the root of the plant resembles a potato, it is not in the same family as the potato. The root of the plant is used to make medicine. African wild potato is used for urinary tract infections (UTIs), enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH), prostate cancer, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Grains of ParadiseNatMedGrains of paradise is a plant that is related to ginger. The seeds are used as a spice and as medicine. Be careful not to confuse grains of paradise with capsicum. Both are known as grains of paradise. People use grains of paradise for conditions such as diarrhea, heart disease, obesity, and many others, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Sweet WoodruffNatMedSweet woodruff (Galium odoratum) is a plant native to Europe, Iran, Siberia, and Northern Africa. Its leaves and flowers are used as medicine. Sweet woodruff contains chemicals that might help heal wounds and burns. People use sweet woodruff for high blood pressure, insomnia, migraine headache, wound healing, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Golden RagwortNatMedGolden ragwort (Senecio aureus) is a plant that is sometimes used to make medicine. Golden ragwort contains chemicals called pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). Some of these chemicals are toxic and can cause serious liver damage. PAs are in different parts of the plant but are most concentrated in the roots. People traditionally use golden ragwort for irregular or painful menstrual periods and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Using golden ragwort can also be unsafe. Don't confuse golden ragwort with similarly named alpine ragwort or tansy ragwort. These are not the same.
- German IpecacNatMedGerman ipecac is a plant. The leaf, root, and underground stem (rhizome) are used to make medicine. Despite safety concerns, people take German ipecac for digestion problems, kidney disorders, fluid retention, and snakebite. They also take it to cause vomiting and sweating. Women take German ipecac to treat painful menstrual periods. Some people apply German ipecac directly to the skin in a warm compress (poultice) for healing swelling and bruising.
- GermanderNatMedGermander is a plant. The parts that grow above the ground are used to make medicine. Despite serious safety concerns, people take germander for stomach and intestinal issues, weight loss, fever, and oral hygiene, but there is no good scientific evidence to support any use. In manufacturing, germander is used as a flavoring in alcoholic beverages.
- GambogeNatMedGamboge is a gum-like substance (resin) from the trunk of the Garcinia hanburyi tree. Don't confuse gamboge with garcinia (Garcinia cambogia). Gamboge is used for cancer, constipation, infections of the intestines by parasites, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Using gamboge can also be unsafe. Some gamboge products are "stretched" by adding rice and wheat starches, sand, and vegetable fragments. You can spot these adulterated products because they are usually coarser and harder than pure gamboge.
- GalbanumNatMedGalbanum (Ferula gummosa) is an herb from Iran, Turkey, and the Mediterranean. A gum-like material, or resin, from its stems is used to make medicine. Galbanum might reduce swelling and help fight certain types of bacteria. People use galbanum for wound healing, cough, digestion problems, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Stinging NettleNatMedStinging nettle (Urtica dioica) is a plant with pointed leaves and white to yellowish flowers. The root and above ground parts are used for diabetes. The stinging nettle plant is typically 2-4 meters tall. It contains ingredients that might decrease swelling and increase urination. The leaves are sometimes eaten as a cooked vegetable. People commonly use stinging nettle for diabetes. It is also used for urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney stones, enlarged prostate, hay fever, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses. Don't confuse stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) with white dead nettle (Lamium album).
- HydrangeaNatMedHydrangea is a shrub. It grows in eastern and north-central parts of the United States. The root and underground stem (rhizome) are used to make medicine. People use hydrangea for bladder infections, prostate infections, enlarged prostate, kidney stones, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Hydrangea might also be unsafe when used in large amounts.
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