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ChickweedNatMedChickweed (Stellaria media) is a wild plant. It's eaten as food and also made into a tea. The tea has been traditionally used as medicine. The chickweed leaf contains flavonols, including quercetin and rutin. It also contains small amounts of vitamin C. People use chickweed for diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.- ChaulmoograNatMedChaulmoogra is an herb. People use the seed to make medicine. Despite serious safety concerns, people put chaulmoogra powder, oil, emulsion, or ointment on the skin to treat skin problems including psoriasis and eczema. Chaulmoogra is given intravenously (by IV) for leprosy. This is not surprising since the first drugs used for treating leprosy used chemicals found in chaulmoogra seeds.
- ZizyphusNatMedZizyphus (Ziziphus jujuba) is a thorny shrub. The fruit is edible and looks similar to a date. It's rich in fiber, vitamin C, B vitamins, and fatty acids. Zizyphus contains chemicals that might lower sugar and fat levels in the blood, and also cause sleepiness. People use zizyphus for constipation, diabetes, aging skin, high cholesterol, insomnia, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- JojobaNatMedJojoba is a shrub that is grows in dry regions of northern Mexico and the southwestern US. Jojoba oil and wax are produced from the seeds and used for medicine. Jojoba is applied directly to the skin for acne, psoriasis, sunburn, and chapped skin. It is also used topically to encourage the regrowth of hair in people who are balding. In manufacturing, jojoba is used as an ingredient in shampoo; lipstick; makeup; cleansing products; and in face, hand, and body lotions.
- JasmineNatMedJasmine is a plant. The flower is used to make medicine. Jasmine has been used for liver disease (hepatitis), pain due to liver scarring (cirrhosis), and abdominal pain due to severe diarrhea (dysentery). It is also used to prevent stroke, to cause relaxation (as a sedative), to heighten sexual desire (as an aphrodisiac), and in cancer treatment. Jasmine is used on the skin to reduce the amount of breast milk, for skin diseases, and to speed up wound healing. Jasmine is inhaled to improve mood, reduce stress, and reduce food cravings. In foods, jasmine is used to flavor beverages, frozen dairy desserts, candy, baked goods, gelatins, and puddings. In manufacturing, jasmine is used to add fragrance to creams, lotions, and perfumes. Don't confuse jasmine with plants known as gardenia or gelsemium.
- Japanese MintNatMedJapanese mint (Mentha canadensis) is a plant native to North America and Asia. Its oil comes from its above ground plant parts and is used as medicine. Japanese mint oil contains chemicals that might help fight infections and reduce gas. People sometimes use Japanese mint for gas, indigestion, gallstones, common cold, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Don't confuse Japanese mint with other plants also called mint, such as diviner's sage, English horsemint, peppermint, spearmint, and wild mint. These are not the same.
- CardamomNatMedCardamom is an herb that is often used as a spice in foods. The seeds and the oil from the seeds are sometimes used to make medicine. Cardamom contains chemicals that might kill some bacteria, reduce swelling, and help the immune system. Cardamom is used for diabetes, high cholesterol, build up of fat in the liver in people who drink little or no alcohol (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or NAFLD), and other purposes, but there is no good scientific evidence to support its use.
- CalamintNatMedCalamint is a bushy herb. The parts that grow above the ground are used to make medicine and to flavor foods. People use calamint for infection of the airways, insomnia, depression, seizure disorder (epilepsy), gout, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Cassie AbsoluteNatMedCassie absolute is an extract of the flower of Acacia farnesiana. It is used for medicine. Cassie absolute is used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), tuberculosis, diarrhea, stomach cancer, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. In foods and beverages, cassie absolute is used for flavoring. In manufacturing, cassie absolute is used as a fragrance in perfumes.
- AndirobaNatMedAndiroba (Carapa guianensis) is a large tree native to South America. The bark and leaf, and oil from the fruit and seed, are sometimes used to make medicine. Andiroba contains chemicals called limonoids. These chemicals seem to repel and kill mosquitoes and other insects. Other chemicals in andiroba might help the skin to heal faster from wounds. Andiroba seed oil is used as a mosquito repellent. Various parts of the plant are used for cough, arthritis, wounds, and many other purposes, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- HollyhockNatMedHollyhock is a plant. The seed, root, stem, leaf, and flower are used as medicine. Hollyhock is used for pain, stomach ulcers, wound healing, diabetes, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- Bitter MilkwortNatMedBitter milkwort is a plant. The flowering plant and root are used to make medicine. People take bitter milkwort for airway disorders, cough, and bronchitis, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Don't confuse bitter milkwort (Polygala amara) with asarabacca (Asarum europaeum) or senega (Polygala senega). All three plants are sometimes called snakeroot. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Some experts warn that bitter milkwort may interfere with the body's response against COVID-19. There is no strong data to support this warning. But there is also no good data to support using bitter milkwort for COVID-19.
- AconiteNatMedAconite is a plant in the Aconitum genus that grows in rocky areas in the Northern Hemisphere. Despite containing poisonous chemicals, it's used as medicine. Aconite root contains chemicals that might improve circulation and decrease pain, but it also contains chemicals that can seriously harm the heart, muscles, and nerves. People use aconite for heart failure, asthma, hair loss, diarrhea, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. It is also unsafe. Don't confuse aconite with Dimethylhexylamine (DMHA), which is sometimes incorrectly called "Aconitum kusnezoffi" or "aconite extract." These are not the same.
- AcerolaNatMedAcerola (Malpighia emarginata) is a shrub or small tree. Its fruit is similar to a cherry and is a red color when ripe. It is a rich source of vitamin C. Acerola also contains many minerals and other vitamins, including beta-carotene, lutein, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, and pantothenic acid. It's native to Central America, northern South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Acerola is commonly used to prevent vitamin C deficiency. It is also used for the common cold, diarrhea, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these other uses.
- AloeNatMedAloe (aloe vera), is a cactus-like plant that grows in hot, dry climates. The useful parts of aloe are the gel and latex. Aloe gel might help some skin conditions like psoriasis and acne. It also seems to speed up wound healing by improving blood circulation, and might combat certain types of bacteria and fungi. Aloe latex contains chemicals that work as a laxative. Some aloe products are made from the whole crushed leaf, so they contain both gel and latex. People commonly apply aloe gel to the skin for conditions such as sunburn, eczema (atopic dermatitis) dandruff, and many others, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Some people take aloe products by mouth for conditions such as obesity, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and many others, but there is also no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- AlkannaNatMedAlkanna is a plant. The root and leaves are used to make medicine. People use alkanna for wound healing, burns, diarrhea, and stomach ulcers, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Also, there's concern that using some alkanna products might harm the liver.
- AletrisNatMedAletris is a plant. The root is used to make medicine. Aletris is used for digestion problems, joint and muscle pain, infertility, menstrual disorders, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
- AgrimonyNatMedAgrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria) is an herb that grows in the Northern hemisphere. Its dried leaves and seeds have been traditionally used as medicine. Agrimony contains chemicals called tannins, which might benefit certain conditions. It might also have antiviral and antioxidant effects. People use agrimony for diabetes, liver conditions, stomach problems, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Don't confuse agrimony with hemp agrimony or potentilla. These are not the same.
- HempnettleNatMedHempnettle (Galeopsis segetum) is a plant. The leaves, stems, and flowers are sometimes used to make a medicinal tea. People use hempnettle tea for respiratory tract infections and other purposes, but there is no good scientific evidence to support any use.
- CordycepsNatMedCordyceps is a fungus that lives on certain caterpillars in the high mountain regions of China. It is sometimes used as a medicine. Most supplements use cordyceps that is made in a lab. Although cordyceps is sometimes called a mushroom, the type of cordyceps that is made in a lab does not grow a mushroom. Cordyceps might improve immunity by stimulating cells and specific chemicals in the immune system. It might also help fight cancer cells and shrink tumor size, particularly with lung or skin cancers. Natural cordyceps is hard to get and might be expensive. People most commonly use cordyceps for athletic performance, kidney disorders, liver problems, and sexual problems, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
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